Unleashing Low-Cost Rural AI Act

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 5227 Introduced in House (IH)]

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119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 5227

 To conduct a study on the impact of artificial intelligence and data 
center site growth on energy supply resources in the United States, and 
                          for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                           September 9, 2025

Mr. Costa (for himself and Mr. Moore of Utah) introduced the following 
   bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                               Technology

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To conduct a study on the impact of artificial intelligence and data 
center site growth on energy supply resources in the United States, and 
                          for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Unleashing Low-Cost Rural AI Act''.

SEC. 2. STUDY ON IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND DATA CENTER SITE 
              GROWTH ON ENERGY SUPPLY RESOURCES.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy shall designate a National 
Laboratory to conduct a study on the impact of artificial intelligence 
and data center site growth on energy supply resources in the United 
States.
    (b) Contents.--The study under subsection (a) shall address the 
following:
            (1) Whether any updates to existing infrastructure are 
        necessary to support the co-location of artificial intelligence 
        and data center site development.
            (2) With respect to the co-location of artificial 
        intelligence and data center sites, the feasability of using 
        alternative sources of energy, such as hydroelectric dams, 
        solar farms, wind farms, solar and wind battery storage sites, 
        and carbon capture facilities, in addition to nuclear and 
        geothermal sources of energy.
            (3) The impact of the co-location of artificial 
        intelligence and data center sites on energy costs, energy 
        supply, energy supply reliability, land-use, water-use, and 
        cost to consumers.
            (4) Whether, and to what extent, there are deficiencies in 
        energy supply resources.
            (5) The means to expedite any review under the National 
        Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) or to 
        more expeditiously meet any permitting requirements to develop 
        any artificial intelligence or data center sites, and any 
        associated generation, transmission, and distribution assets.
    (c) Prioritization.--The study under subsection (a) shall 
prioritize the impact of artificial intelligence and data center site 
growth on energy supply resources in remote areas.
    (d) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary of Energy shall submit to the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a 
report on the findings of the study conducted under subsection (a).
    (e) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial 
        intelligence'' has the meaning given such term in section 5002 
        of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 
        (15 U.S.C. 9401).
            (2) Co-location.--The term ``co-location'' means, with 
        respect to an artificial intelligence or data center site, 
        placing such site upon a parcel of land that is owned and 
        operated by a public utility.
            (3) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            (4) Remote area.--The term ``remote area'' means an area 
        for which the Economic Research Service of the Department of 
        Agriculture has developed a frontier and remote area code.
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