Omnibus Military Personnel Act of 1983

Omnibus Military Personnel Act of 1983 - Title I: Special Pay and Travel and Transportation Matters - Extends through FY 1984 special pay for aviation career officers extending their period of active duty. Directs the Secretary of the Navy to report to Congress by July 1, 1984, on the payment of such special pay.

Permits the payment of travel and transportation allowances for travel from overseas for education purposes of dependent children of a member of the uniformed services permanently assigned outside the United States. Permits the advance payment of such allowances for escorts and attendants of dependents.

Establishes a limit for FY 1984 for the reimbursement for accommodations in place of quarters for members on sea duty.

Freezes specified allowances relating to transportation of dependents and household effects at FY 1982 levels.

Places restrictions on the allowance for transportation of a motor vehicle from an old to a new duty station.

Title II: Retired Pay Matters - Requires military pensions and survivor annuities to be rounded to the next lower dollar.

Limits the applicability of the one year look-back provision for adjusting pensions to reflect changes in the Consumer Price Index.

Title III: Personnel Management Matters - Increases temporarily the number of general and flag officers on active duty during FY 1984. Transfers Public Health Service and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration officers to the uniformed services.

Extends the period during which certain accumulated leave may be used.

Permits the Secretary concerned to waive the age requirements for original appointment as a commissioned officer.

Increases from seven to ten the number of Assistant Secretaries of Defense. Makes one the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence.

Title IV: Reserve Matters - Authorizes the Secretary concerned to extend the period of enlistment in the Reserves from six to eight years. Permits the payment of a bonus for enlistment or reenlistment in elements of the Reserve other than the Selected Reserve.

Extends entitlement for medical and dental care for members for injuries incurred or aggravated during travel to and from inactive duty training and during certain other periods before and after the performance of such duty.

Expands from 90 to 180 days the period of time the Selected Reserve may be ordered to active duty other than during a war or national emergency.

Permits the Secretaries of the Army and Air Force to retain in active status an officer in the Reserves who is subject to elimination from active duty because of failure of promotion.

Authorizes the recall to active duty of retired members of a reserve component of an armed force on the same basis as retired members of a regular armed force.

Permits certain reserve commissioned officers on active duty to serve, where vacancy permits, in the higher reserve grade to which they are promoted during such active duty tour.

Excludes experience and education credits from the computation of years of service of a reserve commissioned officer to determine whether he or she may be transferred to the Retired Reserve or discharged.

Title V: Health Care and Related Matters - Increases the amount of pay for a contract surgeon serving full time with a uniformed service.

Directs the Secretary of Defense to conduct studies and demonstration projects on the health care delivery system of the uniformed services with a view to improving its quality and cost effectiveness. Requires that alternative programs for dental care for dependents be studied and suggests that alternative methods of payment for services and cost-sharing by eligible beneficiaries also be included. Directs the Secretary to report to Congress periodically on such studies and projects, the first report being due by March 1, 1984.

Directs the Secretary to make an annual report to Congress on malpractice claims made against medical personnel of the military departments. Requires such report to include the current accreditation status of military hospitals and the success of the quality assurance/risk management program of each military department.

Directs the Secretary to conduct a feasibility study on the establishment within the Department of a Defense Health Agency. Requires the Secretary to report to the Armed Services Committees within 180 days with recommendations.

Title VI: Miscellaneous Matters - Permits the Secretary concerned to conduct a safety investigation of any accident involving an aircraft under his jurisdiction. Prohibits the unauthorized release of such report outside the armed force concerned.

Prohibits reprisals against employees of certain nonappropriated fund instrumentalities for disclosure of information which evidences a violation of the law or regulations or mismanagement or abuse of authority.

Modifies the compensation for injuries incurred in the performance of duty by members of the Civil Air Patrol to: (1) include Civil Air Patrol Cadets 18 years old or older; and (2) increase the basic pay used for computing the amount of compensation.

Title VII: Effective Date - Sets forth the effective date of this Act.