Supreme Court Mandatory Appellate Jurisdiction Reform Act of 1983

Supreme Court Mandatory Appellate Jurisdiction Reform Act of 1983 - Makes discretionary (by writ of certiorari) instead of mandatory (by appeal, as now) Supreme Court review of any decision of the highest court of a State on the constitutionality of a Federal or State law. Makes the same provision for review of decisions by the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico regarding possible conflicts between Puerto Rican laws and the constitution, treaties, or laws of the United States.

Amends various provisions of Federal law (including the Federal Election Campaign Act, the Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act, and the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973) to provide that certain cases will now be heard by the Supreme Court under its discretionary certiorari authority instead of by direct appeal.