A bill to provide that the Federal Government shall pay the costs (including attorney's fees) of civil actions brought by the Government against the same party on substantially the same factual grounds, if the Government does not combine all of its theories on which it seeks relief into a single civil action.

Requires the Federal Government to pay the costs (including attorney's fees) of civil actions brought by the Government against the same defendant if the Government fails to raise all of its claims based on substantially the same factual allegations or circumstances against such defendant in the first civil action. Authorizes such defendant to bring a civil action against the United States to recover such costs.