Federal Civil Defense Act

Title I: Organization - Establishes the Defense Civil Preparedness Agency within the Department of Defense to be headed by a civilian Assistant Secretary of Defense for Civil Preparedness.

Declares it the sense of Congress that the Federal Disaster Assistance Administration can best accomplish its interagency coordinating functions through the Executive Office of the President and that the Administrator of the Administration should report to the Director of the Officer of Management and Budget.

Establishes a National Emergency Service Advisory Committee to consult with the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Civil Preparedness and the Administrator of the Federal Disaster Assistance Administration regarding civil defense policies.

Title II: Powers and Duties - Enumerates the powers and duties of the Assistant Secretary including: (1) the preparation of national programs for civil defense; (2) research and development of civil defense measures; (3) conducting civil defense instruction programs including the establishment of a National Civil Defense College; (4) assisting and encouraging States to enter into interstate civil defense compacts; (5) the procurement of civil defense materials and facilities by contract or by condemnation in the event the President declares a state of national emergency; (6) making financial contributions to the States for civil defense programs under specified conditions; (7) assuming responsibility for the coordination of the national defense executive reserve program; and (8) assuming responsibility for United States participation in NATO and other international civil emergency planning activities.

Stipulates that the Federal Disaster Assistance Administration shall assume responsibility for all programs relating to peacetime crisis management including postattack rehabilitation.

Requires the Assistant Secretary to assist States in arranging mutual civil defense aid between the States and neighboring countries. Authorizes the Assistant Secretary to prescribe insignia to be worn by persons engaged in civil defense activities and establishes penalties for the wearing of such insignia in violation of regulations prescribed by the Assistant Secretary.

Authorizes the Assistant Secretary to make financial contributions to the States for State civil defense personnel and administrative expenses pursuant to approved State civil defense plans.

Title III: Emergency Authority - Stipulates that the provisions of this title shall only be in effect during the existence of a State of civil defense emergency proclaimed by the President or by concurrent resolution of the Congress.

Authorizes the President during such an emergency to direct any Federal department or agency to: (1) provide their personnel and materials to the States; (2) provide emergency shelter; and (3) engage in work to protect life and property on public or private lands.

Sets forth the powers of the Assistant Secretary during such an emergency including: (1) the sale or delivery of materials and services for civil defense purposes regardless of existing laws; (2) the exercise of specified authority under this Act regardless of existing law; (3) reimbursing a State for employee expenses and for materials utilized outside that State; (4) providing financial assistance to aid injured civilians; and (5) employing additional personnel regardless of civil service laws.

Grants the Federal Government immunity from liability for any property damages, personal injury, or death in carrying out the provisions of this title during such emergency.

Stipulates that during such an emergency the functions and duties exercised under this Act shall be excluded from the provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act.

Sets forth procedures for the determination and payment of compensation for property acquired by the Federal government under this title.

Title IV: General Provisions - Sets forth the administrative powers of the Assistant Secretary under this Act. Directs the Assistant Secretary to establish any necessary security requirements and safeguards including restrictions on the access of information.

Transfers the functions, personnel, and funds of the Office of Preparedness, General Services Administration to the Defense Civil Preparedness Agency and the Federal Disaster Assistance Administration.

Requires the Assistant Secretary to submit annual reports to Congress and the President regarding the Defense Civil Preparedness Agency.

Authorizes appropriations in such amounts as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act.