Global Science Program for Security, Competitiveness, and Diplomacy Act of 2010

Global Science Program for Security, Competitiveness, and Diplomacy Act of 2010 - Directs the Secretary of State to establish the Global Science Program for Security, Competitiveness, and Diplomacy grant program, which shall provide for: (1) global research competitions to address global challenges and collaborative research; (2) science and engineering institutional capacity building; (3) nonproliferation research and training; and (4) online access to worldwide science journals.

Authorizes the Secretary to establish the Embassy Science Fellows Program to: (1) pay for the costs of federal scientists to serve for up to three years in the Department of State; and (2) enhance scientists' role in U.S. diplomatic efforts.

Authorizes the Secretary to establish the Jefferson Science Fellows Program to: (1) provide an opportunity for tenured research-active scientists and engineers from the U.S academic community to serve in the Department of State for one year; and (2) enhance the availability at the Department of up-to-date scientific knowledge relevant to foreign policy and international relations.

Directs the Secretary to establish the Scientific Envoys Program under which the Secretary shall appoint scientists and engineers to serve as envoys on behalf of the United States to: (1) represent the U.S. commitment to promote, in collaboration with other countries, the advancement of science and technology; and (2) facilitate partnerships with eligible countries.

Expresses the sense of Congress that: (1) the Office of the Science and Technology Advisor should be further integrated into Department activities; and (2) relevant federal agencies should work to improve the visa process to ensure that the United States remains a central destination for scientific conferences and programs.