To recruit, hire, and train additional school-based mental health personnel.

Amends the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to establish a program to assist States and local educational agencies (LEAs) to recruit, train, and hire 141,000 additional school-based mental health personnel, including 100,000 additional counselors, 21,000 additional school psychologists, and 20,000 additional school social workers over a five-year period, in order to reduce the student-to-counselor ratios nationally, in elementary and secondary schools, to an average of one school counselor for every 250 students, one school psychologist for every 1,000 students, and one social worker for every 800 students, as recommended in a report by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences relating to schools and health.

Directs the Secretary of Education, after reserving certain funds for schools in outlying areas and schools run by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, to make program allotments to States according to a specified formula. Requires States to allocate Federal and State shares of program costs to LEAs according to specified formulas. Sets forth requirements for State and LEA applications and LEA use of funds. Requires Federal, State, and local shares of program costs to each equal one-third, but allows State and local shares to be in cash or in kind.

Authorizes appropriations.