Title I: Reduction of Special Interest Influence
Title II: Independent and Coordinated Expenditures
Title III: Disclosure
Title IV: Personal Wealth Option
Title V: Miscellaneous
Title VI: Severability; Constitutionality; Effective Date;
Regulations
Title VII: Independent Commission on Campaign Finance Reform
Title VIII: Prohibiting Use of White House Meals and
Accommodations for Political Fundraising
Title IX: Sense of the Congress Regarding Fundraising on
Federal Government Property
Title X: Prohibiting Solicitation to Obtain Access to
Certain Federal Government Property
Title XI: Reimbursement for Use of Air Force One For
Political Fundraising
Title XII: Prohibiting Use of Walking Around Money
Title XIII: Enhancing Enforcement of Campaign Law
Title XIV: Ban on Coordinated Soft Money Activities By
Presidential Candidates
Title XV: Posting Names of Certain Air Force One Passengers
on Internet
Title XVI: Expulsion Proceedings for House Members Receiving
Foreign Contributions
Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 1998 - Title I: Reduction of Special Interest Influence - Amends the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (FECA) with respect to "soft money" to prohibit a national committee of a political party, including a national congressional campaign committee of a political party, and any officers or agents of such party committees, and specified related entities, from soliciting, receiving, or directing to another person a contribution, donation, or transfer of funds, or spend any funds not subject to the limitations, prohibitions, and reporting requirements of FECA (FECA requirements).
(Sec. 101) Requires State, district, or local committees of political parties (including specified related entities) to make expenditures and disbursements for Federal election activities (with exceptions) from funds subject to FECA requirements.
Subjects to FECA requirements any amounts spent for fundraising costs of Federal election activities by national, State, district, or local committees and specified related entities.
Prohibits national, State, district, or local committees (including national congressional campaign committees and specified related entities) from soliciting funds for, or making or directing donations to, tax-exempt organizations or organizations that have submitted applications for tax-exemption status.
Prohibits candidates, incumbents, or their agents from soliciting, receiving, directing, transferring, or spending funds for Federal election activities on their behalf (with exceptions), unless the funds are subject to FECA requirements.
(Sec. 102) Prohibits any person from making contributions to a State committee in any year that exceed, in the aggregate, $10,000.
Increases the aggregate individual contribution limit from $25,000 to $30,000.
(Sec. 103) Requires: (1) national committees, national congressional campaign committees, and any subordinate committees, to report all receipts and disbursements during the reporting period; (2) State, district, and local committees to report all receipts and disbursements made for specified Federal election activities; and (3) political committees having receipts or disbursements from persons in excess of $200 for any year to separately itemize their reporting for such persons.
Title II: Independent and Coordinated Expenditures - Redefines the term "independent expenditure" to mean an expenditure by a person for: (1) a communication that is express advocacy; and (2) that is not provided in coordination with a candidate or a candidate's agent, or a person who is coordinating with a candidate or a candidate's agent. Defines the term "express advocacy."
(Sec. 201) Redefines the term "expenditure" to include: (1) a payment for a communication that is express advocacy; and (2) a payment made by a person for a communication that refers to a clearly identified candidate, is provided in coordination with the candidate, the candidate's agent, or the candidate's political party, and is for the purpose of influencing a Federal election (regardless of whether the communication is express advocacy).
(Sec. 202) Provides that in determining whether any communication by television or radio broadcast constitutes express advocacy for purposes of this Act, there shall not be taken into account any background music not including lyrics used in such broadcast.
(Sec. 203) Prohibits the Federal Election (Commission) from entering into a conciliation agreement if it determines that there is probable cause to believe that a person has made a knowing and willful violation involving the reporting of an independent expenditure. Permits the Commission, when it makes such a determination, to institute a civil action for relief.
(Sec. 204) Sets forth reporting requirements for certain independent expenditures made by persons (including political committees) aggregating: (1) $1,000 or more after the 20th day before an election; and (2) $10,000 or more up to or on the 20th day before an election. Requires additional reports to be filed each time such independent expenditures are made. Requires such reports to: (1) be filed with the Commission; and (2) contain the information required for a person who receives any disbursement in excess of $200 in connection with an independent expenditure, including the name of each candidate to whom an expenditure is intended to support or oppose.
(Sec. 205) Prohibits a committee of a political party, on or after the date on which the political party nominates a candidate, from making both coordinated and independent expenditures to the candidate during the election cycle.
Requires a political party committee, before making a coordinated expenditure to a candidate, to certify to the Commission that it has not and shall not make any independent expenditure to the candidate during the same election cycle. Prohibits a political party committee that submits a certification with respect to a candidate from transferring any funds to, assigning authority to make coordinated expenditures to, or receiving a transfer of funds from, a political committee of the party that has made or intends, during the same election cycle, to make an independent expenditure to the candidate.
(Sec. 206) Redefines the term "contribution" to include anything of value provided by a person in coordination with a candidate for the purpose of influencing a Federal election, regardless of whether the value being provided is a communication that is express advocacy, in which such candidate seeks nomination or election to Federal office. Considers a thing of value provided in coordination with a candidate as a contribution to the candidate, and in the case of a limitation on expenditures, treats it as an expenditure by the candidate.
Redefines the term "contribution or expenditure" with respect to contributions or expenditures by national banks, corporations, and labor organizations, to include a contribution or expenditure as defined under this Act.
Title III: Disclosure - Replaces provisions permitting the filing of reports electronically with provisions requiring the Commission to: (1) promulgate a regulation for the filing of reports using computers and faxes; (2) make electronically filed reports publicly accessible on the Internet within 24 hours after their receipt by it; and (3) provide methods (other than requiring a signature on the filing) for verifying covered reports.
(Sec. 302) Prohibits the deposit (except in escrow accounts) or negotiation of contributions from a person making aggregate contributions in excess of $200 during a year by a candidate's authorized committee unless the required contributor information is complete.
(Sec. 303) Permits the Commission to conduct random audits and investigations to ensure voluntary FECA compliance. Extends from six to 12 months the period during which campaign audits may be begun.
(Sec. 304) Revises reporting requirements for identification of other than political committee contributors to: (1) lower the $200 threshold for the reporting of contributor identification to $50; and (2) require only the names and addresses of persons who make contributions of between $50 and $200 per year.
(Sec. 305) Revises requirements for use of candidates' names.
(Sec. 306) Prohibits a person from soliciting contributions by falsely representing himself or herself to be a candidate or a representative of a candidate, a political committee, or a political party.
(Sec. 307) Requires filing of a certain statement with the Commission by persons, other than political committees and religious and apostolic organizations, that make aggregate disbursements in excess of $50,000 per year for specified Federal election activities: (1) on a monthly basis; or (2) within 24 hours, in the case of disbursements made within 20 days of an election. Exempts from such filing requirements: (1) a candidate or a candidate's authorized committees; and (2) independent expenditures.
(Sec. 308) Revises requirements for publication and distribution of any print, broadcast, or general public political advertising.
Title IV: Personal Wealth Option - Directs the Commission to issue a certification that a Senate or House of Representatives candidate is an eligible primary or general election congressional candidate if the candidate files with it a declaration that the candidate and the candidate's authorized committees (relevant parties) will not (in the case of a primary candidate) or did not (in the case of a general election candidate) exceed a personal funds expenditure limit of $50,000. Directs the Commission, if the limit is exceeded, to: (1) revoke the certification; and (2) require the relevant parties to pay a penalty to the Commission. Prohibits coordinated expenditures if a candidate is not an eligible congressional candidate.
Title V: Miscellaneous - Amends the National Labor Relations Act to require any labor organization receiving payments from a employee pursuant to an agreement requiring non-member employees to make such payments in lieu of organization dues or fees to establish a specified objection procedure, or be liable for an unfair labor practice (thus codifying the Beck decision).
(Sec. 501) Requires a labor organization, with respect to a non-member employee who files an objection under such a procedure, to reduce the employee's payments in lieu of organization dues or fees by an amount which reasonably reflects the ratio that the organization's expenditures supporting political activities unrelated to collective bargaining bear to such organization's total expenditures. Requires a reasonable explanation to the employee of such ratio and reduction.
(Sec. 502) Amends FECA to revise provisions on permitted and prohibited uses of contributed amounts by candidates and incumbents for certain purposes. Specifies prohibited kinds of conversion of such funds to personal use.
(Sec. 503) Revises Federal law concerning permitted time frames for mailing franked mail to prohibit any mass mailing as franked mail during the 180-day period before a general election for the office held by the Member of Congress or during the 90-day period before any primary election for that office, unless the Member has made a public announcement that the Member will not be a candidate for reelection during that year or for election to any other Federal office.
(Sec. 504) Amends the Federal criminal code to revise the prohibition against fundraising on Federal property. Prohibits an officer or employee of the Federal Government, including the President, Vice President, and Members of Congress, from soliciting a donation of money or other thing of value for a political committee or candidate for Federal, State, or local office, from any person while in any room or building occupied in the discharge of official duties by a Federal officer or employee. Imposes on violators a monetary penalty, imprisonment, or both. Excepts from the prohibition contributions received by the staff of the Executive Office of the President.
(Sec. 505) Amends FECA to double the penalties for knowing and willful violations of FECA, the Presidential Election Campaign Fund Act (PECFA), and the Presidential Primary Matching Payment Account Act (such Acts). Permits conciliation agreements to correct or prevent such violations to include equitable remedies or penalties, disgorgement of funds to the Treasury, or community service requirements (including requirements to participate in public education programs).
Sets forth requirements for late filing of FECA reports, including requiring establishment of mandatory monetary penalties.
(Sec. 506) Revises the ban on contributions by foreign nationals to change the term to "noncitizens." Provides that it shall not be a defense to a violation of such ban that the defendant did not know that the contribution originated from a foreign national if the defendant should have known that the contribution originated from a foreign national, except that the trier of fact may not find that the defendant should have known that the contribution originated from a foreign national solely because of the contributor's name.
(Sec. 507) Prohibits minors (age 17 or younger) from making contributions to candidates or contributions or donations to committees of political parties.
(Sec. 508) Permits the Commission to: (1) order expedited proceedings for certain complaints; and (2) refer, at any time, to the Attorney General a possible violation of such Acts.
(Sec. 509) Revises the basis for mandatory Commission initiation of enforcement proceedings upon receipt of a complaint alleging a violation of such Acts. Replaces "has reason to believe" a violation has been or is about to be committed with "has reason to investigate whether" such a violation has been or is about to be committed.
(Sec. 510) Sets forth disclaimers to affirm equal participation of eligible voters in campaigns and elections for Federal office.
(Sec. 511) Applies to all individuals who are not U.S. citizens or nationals the prohibition against noncitizen contributions in connection with Federal elections.
(Sec. 512) Establishes criminal penalties for violation of such prohibition against contributions by foreign nationals.
(Sec. 513) Provides for expedited court review of certain alleged FECA violations.
(Sec. 514) Amends the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) to prohibit and set penalties for conspiracy to violate presidential and vice presidential campaign spending limits under PECFA or FECA.
(Sec. 515) Amends FECA to set forth guidelines for political committees to return certain illegal contributions and donations to their sources via the Commission which is required to establish a single interest-bearing escrow account for such purpose, with any contributions or donations deposited in such account allowed to cover any applicable fines or penalties imposed against the contributor or donor.
(Sec. 516) Establishes within the Commission a clearinghouse of specified public information on political activities of foreign principals and their agents. Authorizes appropriations.
(Sec. 517) Permits permanent resident aliens serving in the armed forces to make contributions in connection with Federal elections.
(Sec. 518) Amends IRC to prohibit presidential and vice presidential candidates from receiving amounts from the Presidential Election Campaign Fund (PECF) unless the candidate certifies that the candidate will not solicit any funds (soft money) for the purposes of influencing such election, including any funds used for an independent expenditure under FECA, unless the funds are subject to FECA requirements.
Title VI: Severability; Constitutionality; Effective Date; Regulations - Sets forth provisions concerning severability, review of constitutional issues, effective date, and regulations.
Title VII: Independent Commission on Campaign Finance Reform - Establishes the Independent Commission on Campaign Finance Reform to study and report to the President, the Speaker of the House, and congressional leadership on the laws relating to the financing of political activity, and recommend any legislation to reform them.
(Sec. 706) Provides for expedited congressional consideration of any legislation implementing a recommendation of the Independent Commission, including a joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution.
(Sec. 708) Authorizes appropriations.
Title VIII: Prohibiting Use of White House Meals and Accommodations for Political Fundraising - Amends the Federal criminal code to prohibit and set penalties for the use of White House meals and accommodations for political fundraising.
Title IX: Sense of the Congress Regarding Fundraising on Federal Government Property - Expresses the sense of the Congress that Federal law clearly demonstrates that "controlling legal authority" prohibits the use of Federal property to raise campaign funds.
Title X: Prohibiting Solicitation to Obtain Access to Certain Federal Government Property - Amends the Federal criminal code to establish criminal penalties for anyone who solicits or receives anything of value in consideration of providing a person with access to Air Force One, Marine One, Air Force Two, Marine Two, the White House, or Vice President's residence.
Title XI: Reimbursement for Use of Air Force One For Political Fundraising - Amends FECA to require any political committee of a national political party for whom the President, Vice President, or any executive department head uses Air Force One for transportation for any travel which includes a fundraising event for committee benefit to reimburse the Federal Government for the actual transportation costs for the use of Air Force One by the individual involved.
Title XII: Prohibiting Use of Walking Around Money - Amends FECA to make it unlawful for any political committee to provide currency to any person for the purpose of carrying out activities on the date of an election to encourage or assist individuals to appear at the election polling place.
Title XIII: Enhancing Enforcement of Campaign Law - Amends FECA to: (1) mandate between one and ten years imprisonment for any person who knowingly and willfully violates any FECA provisions involving making, receiving, or reporting any contribution or expenditure aggregating $2,000 or more per calendar year; and (2) authorize the Attorney General to bring criminal actions for a FECA or PECFA violation.
Title XIV: Ban on Coordinated Soft Money Activities By Presidential Candidates - Amends IRC to prohibit coordination of "soft money" for issue advocacy by presidential and vice presidential candidates receiving public financing from PECF, unless such funds are subject to FECA requirements.
Title XV: Posting Names of Certain Air Force One Passengers on Internet - Directs the President to make available through the Internet the names of non-Governmental passengers on Air Force One and Two, with certain exceptions for national security reasons.
Title XVI: Expulsion Proceedings for House Members Receiving Foreign Contributions - Mandates that House Members convicted of violating foreign national contribution prohibitions under FECA have such conduct reported to the House by the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct, along with any recommendation for expulsion.
Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union rises leaving H.R. 2183 as unfinished business.
Considered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H7298-7330)
The House resolved into Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union for further consideration.
DEBATE - Pursuant to a previous order of the House, the Committee proceeded with 40 minutes of debate on the Tierney of Massachusetts amendment in the nature of a substitute. The amendment, numbered 15 printed in the Congressional Record, includes a voluntary public fund for candidates who agree not to solicit private funds.
DEBATE - At the conclusion of debate the Tierney amendment was not offered.
DEBATE - Pursuant to a previous order of the House, the Committee proceeded with 40 minutes of debate on the Farr of California amendment in the nature of a substitute. The amendment, numbered 7 printed in the Congressional Record, limits campaign spending and prohibits national political parties from soliciting or accepting soft money.
DEBATE - At the conclusion of debate the Farr amendment was not offered.
DEBATE - Pursuant to a previous order of the House, the Committee proceeded with 40 minutes of debate on the Doolittle of California amendment in the nature of a substitute. The amendment, numbered 40 printed in the Congressional Record, repeals limits on contributions by individuals, political parties, and political action committees and terminates taxpayer financing of presidential election campaigns.
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DEBATE - Pursuant to a previous order of the House, the Committee proceeded with 40 minutes of debate on the Obey of Wisconsin amendment in the nature of a substitute. The amendment, numbered 4 printed in the Congressional Record, bans soft money for House elections and creates a public fund to finance Federal campaigns.
DEBATE - At the conclusion of debate the Obey amendment was not offered.
DEBATE - Pursuant to a previous order of the House, the Committee proceeded with 60 minutes of debate on the Hutchinson of Arkansas amendment in the nature of a substitute. The amendment, numbered 8 printed in the Congressional Record, that is identical to the underlying text of H.R. 2183 except that it increases limits on PAC contributions to political parties from $15,000 to $20,000 a year and clarifies that candidates for Federal office may attend state political party fundraisers in their home state.
Pursuant to H. Res. 442, the Committee will report that the amendment numbered 13 printed in the Congressional Record and offered by Mr. Shays was adopted.
The House rose from the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union to report H.R. 2183.
The previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.
The House adopted the amendment in the nature of a substitute as agreed to by the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union.
Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by recorded vote: 252 - 179 (Roll No. 405).
Roll Call #405 (House)On passage Passed by recorded vote: 252 - 179 (Roll No. 405).
Roll Call #405 (House)Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
Received in the Senate. Read the first time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under Read the First Time.
Read the second time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 558.