To amend title 10, United States Code, to establish a separate reserve component command within each of the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, and the Marine Corps.

Establishes in the appropriate military department an Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps Reserve Command, to be commanded by the appropriate Chief of such department. Requires the Secretary of the military department concerned to assign to that department's Command all the current reserve forces.

Establishes in the Navy the Office of Naval Reserve and the Office of Marine Corps Reserve, each headed by a chief who shall be the advisor to the Chief of Naval Operations and the Commandant of the Marine Corps, respectively, on all Naval Reserve or Marine Corps Reserve matters.