To provide that a special census be conducted, without charge to a requesting State, county, or other unit of government, if necessary to correct a significant undercount in a decennial census which is due, in whole or in part, to a natural disaster or similar situation.

Requires the Secretary of Commerce to conduct a special census for the government of a State, the District of Columbia, a U.S. territory or possession, or a political subdivision thereof without charge to such government, if: (1) the special census is necessary to correct a significant undercount which occurred in the most recent decennial census of population; (2) a natural disaster or other emergency affecting such area, as declared by the President, was a major factor contributing to the undercount; and (3) a request for such census is made by such government within such time and in such manner as the Secretary shall prescribe, except that the deadline for such a request may not be before the end of the 18-month period beginning on the most recent decennial census date.