Agricultural Development and Trade Act of 1990

Agricultural Development and Trade Act of 1990 - Title I: The Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 - Revises title I of the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 with regard to food and development assistance. Provides agricultural commodity grants to least developed countries and concessional credit sales to developing countries. Prohibits assistance to countries that violate human rights.

Provides for: (1) direct uses or sales of donated commodities within recipient countries; (2) creation of local currency accounts; (3) multiyear development agreements; (4) use of payments for trade development, agribusiness and facilities loans, and research; and (5) value-added food assistance, including the partial waiver of repayment for such assistance.

Revises title II of such Act with regard to emergency and private assistance programs. Authorizes the President, through the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, to provide commodities to foreign countries for reasons of famine, malnutrition, and economic and environmental development.

Authorizes multiyear agreements for nonemergency assistance.

Authorizes participating private voluntary organizations to barter or sell the commodities in the recipient country.

Sets forth specified minimum assistance levels and requires specified assistance amounts to be in the form of value-added commodities.

Establishes a Food Aid Consultative Group. Sets forth maximum expenditure levels.

Authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to establish a farmer-to-farmer assistance program. Obligates specified minimum funding for developing countries.

Revises title III of such Act to establish the Food for Freedom Program in order to support governmental democratization and individual and economic freedoms. Makes commodity assistance available on grant or credit basis. Authorizes multiyear agreements.

Authorizes a private market enhancement program.

Revises title IV of such Act to authorize debt forgiveness of an eligible developing country.

Prohibits agreements to finance sales or to provide other assistance under such Act after December 31, 1995.

Provides for General Accounting Office audits of grant, concessional credit sale, and title II programs.

Authorizes appropriations.

Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 with respect to the disposition of commodities to prevent waste, limiting the authority involved to carrying out programs under titles II and III of the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954.

Title II: The Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 - Revises title I of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 to set forth U.S. agricultural trade policy and long-term trade strategies and goals.

Directs the Secretary to: (1) establish a list of foreign country priority growth markets and individualized market plans; and (2) review U.S. trade performance against such long-term agricultural goals.

Revises title II of such Act to authorize a direct credit short-term (less than three years) export assistance program.

Prohibits the resale or transshipment of intermediate-term program commodities.

Authorizes short-term and intermediate-term credit guarantees. Prohibits commodity resale or transshipment. Requires at least 90 percent domestic content for commodity eligibility. Sets forth financial institution requirements.

Authorizes: (1) deferred payment sales; (2) marketing assistance; and (3) barter of agricultural commodities or exchanges for strategic or critical materials (including a specified amount of commodities to acquire petroleum for the Strategic Petroleum Reserve).

Terminates the Agricultural Credit Revolving Fund effective October 1, 1995.

Sets forth funding levels for: (1) direct credit programs; (2) export credit guarantee programs; and (3) marketing assistance programs.

Authorizes appropriations for activities under this title.

Revises title III of such Act to authorize an export enhancement program to combat unfair trade practices. Sets forth program funding levels. Authorizes appropriations.

Revises title IV of such Act to provide for agricultural embargo protection, including the development of contingency plans to alleviate an embargo's adverse effects.

Authorizes contracting authority for services abroad to expand export markets.

Requires specified agency consultations before removing or relaxing any agricultural import restrictions.

Revises title V of such Act to establish in the Department of Agriculture the position of Administrator of the Foreign Agricultural Service.

Establishes a specified minimum number of Foreign Agricultural Service (Service) personnel. Grants the diplomatic title of Minister-Counselor to the senior Service officer in a foreign mission.

Authorizes appropriations to permit the Service to carry out this Act.

Revises title VI of such Act to require the Secretary to prepare (every three years) a Long-Term Agricultural Trade Strategy Report. Sets forth other reporting requirements under such Act and under the Agricultural Act of 1954.

Establishes a Service attache educational program.

Title III: General Provisions - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1980 to extend the food security wheat reserve.

Amends the Disaster Assistance Act of 1988 to extend certain cottonseed and sunflower seed oil export assistance.

Directs the Secretary to establish an agricultural fellowship program for middle income countries and emerging democracies (Cochran Fellowship Program). Authorizes appropriations.

Title IV: Conforming Provisions and Technical Changes - Makes specified conforming and technical amendments.