To establish a price support program for the 1991 through 1997 crops of certain agricultural commodities that provides producers with planting flexibility, income support and stability, and for other purposes.
Farm Flexibility Act of 1990 - Title I: Wheat - Amends the Agricultural Act of 1949 to direct the Secretary of Agriculture to make available to producers of the 1991 through 1997 crops of wheat recourse loans at a rate between 75 and 85 percent of the past five years' simple average price (excluding the high and the low years), but at least 95 percent of the rate for the preceding crop.
Provides for nonrecourse loans for such crops at not less than 80 percent of the level for recourse loans.
Provides for deficiency payments. Sets the target price for a crop at $4.00 per bushel.
Requires the Secretary to estimate the national weighted average market price for a marketing year. Permits producers to elect to have the estimated price used for determining their actual earned deficiency payment rate.
Title II: Feed Grains - Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to make available to producers of the 1991 through 1997 crops of feed grains recourse loans at a rate between 75 and 85 percent of the past five years' simple average price (excluding the high and the low years), but at least 95 percent of the rate for the preceding crop.
Provides for nonrecourse loans for such crops at not less than 80 percent of the level for recourse loans.
Provides for deficiency payments. Sets the target price for a crop at $2.75 per bushel.
Requires the Secretary to estimate the national weighted average market price for a marketing year. Permits producers to elect to have the estimated price used for determining their actual earned deficiency payment rate.
Title III: Cotton - Subtitle A: Upland Cotton - Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to make available to producers of the 1991 through 1997 crops of upland cotton recourse loans at a rate between 75 and 85 percent of three of the past five years' simple average price (excluding the high and the low years), or 90 percent of the average of the five lowest-priced growths of certain European cotton; but at least 95 percent of the rate for the preceding crop.
Provides for nonrecourse loans for such crops at not less than 80 percent of the level for recourse loans.
Provides for deficiency payments. Sets the target price for a crop at $0.729 per pound.
Requires the Secretary to estimate the national weighted average market price for a marketing year. Permits producers to elect to have the estimated price used for determining their actual earned deficiency payment rate.
Requires the President to proclaim a special limited global import quota for upland cotton whenever the average price of Strict Low Middling one and one-sixteenth inch cotton in designated spot markets for a month exceeds 130 percent of the average price of the quality of cotton in those markets for the preceding 36 months.
Subtitle B: Extra Long Staple Cotton - Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to make available to producers of the 1991 through 1997 crops of extra long staple cotton recourse loans at a rate between 75 and 85 percent of the past five years' simple average price (excluding the high and the low years), but at least 95 percent of the rate for the preceding crop.
Provides for nonrecourse loans for such crops at not less than 80 percent of the level for recourse loans.
Provides for deficiency payments. Sets the target price for a crop at $0.981 per pound.
Requires the Secretary to estimate the national weighted average market price for a marketing year. Permits producers to elect to have the estimated price used for determining their actual earned deficiency payment rate.
Title IV: Rice - Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to make available to producers of the 1991 through 1997 crops of rice recourse loans at a rate between 75 and 85 percent of the past five years' simple average price (excluding the high and the low years), but at least 95 percent of the rate for the preceding crop.
Provides for nonrecourse loans for such crops at not less than 80 percent of the level for recourse loans.
Provides for deficiency payments. Sets the target price for a crop at $10.71 per hundredweight.
Requires the Secretary to estimate the national weighted average market price for a marketing year. Permits producers to elect to have the estimated price used for determining their actual earned deficiency payment rate.
Title V: Oilseeds - Directs the Secretary of Agriculture to make available to producers of the 1991 through 1997 crops of: (1) soybeans loans at a rate between 75 and 85 percent of the past five years' simple average price (excluding the high and the low years), but at least 95 percent of the rate for the preceding crop; and (2) sunflower seeds at such level as the Secretary determines, taking into account certain factors.
Provides for: (1) deficiency payments for sunflowers; and (2) graduated payments for oilseeds generally (soybeans, sunflower seeds, flax, safflower, and rapeseed).
Title VI: General Commodity Provisions - Subtitle A: Farm Acreage Bases and Nonprogram Crops - Requires the Secretary to establish a farm acreage base for each farm.
Permits producers to plant and harvest nonprogram crops on a farm on acreage included in the farm acreage base if the producers forfeit program payments prorated according to a certain formula.
Authorizes county committees to require planting and production histories from producers seeking to establish farm acreage bases. Permits committees to provide for establishment of bases in their counties if the bases cannot be established otherwise.
Subtitle B: Diversion Payments - Authorizes the Secretary to make land diversion payments if they will not undermine U.S. agricultural competitiveness or lead to lower world market shares of affected commodities.
Subtitle C: Miscellaneous Commodity Provisions - Amends the: (1) Food Security Act of 1985 with respect to payment limitation; and (2) Agricultural Act of 1949 with respect to advance deficiency and diversion payments, Commodity Credit Corporation sales price restrictions (establishing a minimum at the lower of 115 percent of the support price or of the loan repayment level), the producer reserve program for wheat and feed grains, and advance program announcement.
Subtitle D: Technical and Conforming Amendments - Makes technical and conforming amendments to the Agricultural Act of 1949.
Subtitle E: Effective Date - Sets forth the effective date for this title.
Title VII: Conservation Reserve Program - Amends the Food Security Act of 1985 to extend the conservation reserve program through 1997.
Requires the Secretary to include in the reserve program: (1) land that is not highly erodible but nonetheless poses an on-farm or off-farm environmental threat; (2) wetlands; and (3) shelterbelts and windbreaks.
Directs the Secretary to pay for 50 percent of the reasonable and necessary costs incurred by an owner who has contracted to maintain new hardwood tree plantings on conservation reserve land.
Directs the Secretary to study and report to specified congressional committees on means of allowing cropland subject to expiring conservation reserve contracts to be used according to its highest sustainable use.
Introduced in Senate
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Agriculture.
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