Rural Self-Sufficiency and Workforce Advancement Act

Rural Self-Sufficiency and Workforce Advancement Act - Directs the Secretary of Health and Human Services to promote workforce development in rural areas and assist low-income residents of rural communities in moving from welfare to work, by making competitive grants to eligible applicants for: (1) rural transitional jobs programs; and (2) implementing rural workforce investment plans.

Makes appropriations for both these grant programs.

Requires rural transitional jobs program grantees to: (1) reimburse employers for wages and payroll taxes (100 percent for nonprofit employers and 50 percent for for-profit employers); (2) pay the greater of the applicable Federal or State minimum wage for a relevant minimum or maximum number of hours per week; (3) limit the number of participants in the employer's workforce, and not displace other employees; (4) limit to 12 months the maximum period of a participant's employment in such a position; and (5) prepare annual reports. Requires such grantees also to provide each participant with an individual plan of services to prepare for positions available in the local economy offering potential advancement and growth, including: (1) counseling, training, and services for six to 15 hours per week during the 24-month period beginning when the participant is placed in such a transitional employment position; and (2) a stipend based on the hourly wage earned in the position and the number of hours of counseling, training, and services participated in that week.

Requires rural workforce investment plan grantees to: (1) implement plans approved by the Secretary for various authorized activities; and (2) prepare annual reports.